Household fires accounted for more than 60% of the total number of fires, and more than 90% of the deaths occurred in residents' homes. In recent years, public fire safety awareness has been continuously improved. However, from the practical point of view, there are still many residents who have insufficient fire prevention awareness, and it is difficult to find fire-fighting equipment in their homes. They are not familiar with the operation of conventional fire-fighting equipment.

In order to prevent problems before they occur, what fire safety equipment should be kept in the residents' homes?

Fire Blanket

In the event of a fire, the first priority is to ensure life safety. The oil pan is on fire or needs to “cross the fire line” to escape. The fire blanket with fireproof and heat insulation properties has become an essential item to control the spread of the disaster and to do personal protection. Fire blankets, also known as fire blankets, fire quilts, fire blankets, etc., are fabrics made of fiberglass and other materials that have been specially treated to separate the heat source and the flame. They can be used to extinguish oil pans or cover them. escape. In the early stage of the fire, the fire blanket is directly placed on the fire source or the fire object, and the fire source can be extinguished in a short time. Currently, there are three main types of fire blankets on the market. Among them, 1m×1m is suitable for extinguishing small fires; 1.2m×1.2m is suitable for extinguishing medium fire; 1.8m×1.2m is suitable for extinguishing fires and wrapping people for evacuation when the fire is large.

In particular, the fire blanket can be reused without damage, and there is no expiration date. It should be placed in an easy-to-access place during daily storage, and it should be inspected every 12 months and found to be damaged or contaminated for immediate replacement.

Fire extinguisher

In the face of the initial fire, if the home is equipped with fire extinguishers and can be skilled, it can effectively avoid the "star fire" of the original, to prevent casualties and reduce economic losses. Household standing fire extinguishers should use portable ABC dry powder fire extinguishers, which are arranged in convenient places, taking care to prevent water from being impregnated and rusted.

At the end of June this year, a small car in Changsha City, Hunan Province, crashed into a local gas station refueling machine due to brake failure. The flowing gasoline was instantly ignited, causing a fire. After the fire broke out, the video of the fire extinguishing of 38 workers for 38 seconds was widely spread on the Internet. At that time, the staff used a hand-held fire extinguisher. The hand-held fire extinguisher is small in size and has a high fire-extinguishing efficiency when it is sprayed at the root of the fire source, which can well meet the needs of general household fire response.

How to use a portable dry powder fire extinguisher? Before using the fire extinguisher, shake it up and down several times. When using it, “single pin, two pipe, three pressure handles”, lift the nozzle to the root of the fire to extinguish the fire. Since the fire extinguisher is under pressure, it is necessary to press down on the can. Special attention should be paid to the direction of the escape route when standing in the fire, standing on the upper air outlet. If the fire is too large, it should give up the fire and evacuate from the escape route in time to ensure personal safety.

The main function of the fire extinguisher is to extinguish the fire. It should not be sprayed directly on the person for fire protection; it should be stored in a dry and ventilated place where it can be easily taken away from sunlight, rain, and away from corrosive substances. It should not be placed in the toilet or heating. At the same time, pay attention to regular inspections to see if they are overdue or under pressure.

Escape rope

How to deal with the sudden fire in the family and the escape of "no door"? Standing on an escape rope can greatly reduce the occurrence of accidents.

In May of this year, a fire broke out in a rented house in a certain district of Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, and many people were trapped. Fire officers and soldiers arrived to evacuate the trapped people. Fortunately, there were no casualties. When the fire officers and soldiers arrived, a man had used his lifeline to escape to the first floor. It was this small lifeline that left valuable time for the trapped people to escape and save themselves.

In the choice of rope body, it is best to use the inner core for military aviation steel wire and outsource the escape rope made of nylon thread. The thickness can be the thickness of the thumb, and the weight is generally 200 kg. Compared with the market, the escape descent device is less than a few hundred thousand yuan, and the price of the escape rope is more close to the people.

In operation, the fixed point of the escape rope must be selected from a firm object, such as a window or a heating pipe. After binding, pull it down firmly to check whether it is firm and reliable. When using, wrap the seat belt around your hips, waist or underarms, tighten the safety rope tightness, and drop the lifeline along the window to escape along the rope.

It is important to note that not a long enough rope can be used as a safety rope. The safety rope has the characteristics of fixed body, insurance and uniform speed drop. Ordinary ropes do not have the aforementioned characteristics. Without special training, it is difficult for women, children, and the elderly to make their own uniform decline through arm strength.

Flashlight

Fires are often accompanied by heavy smoke, and it is especially necessary to have a strong light flashlight with sound and light alarm function.

This kind of flashlight has fire emergency lighting and emergency call function, which can be used for smoke in the fire and evacuation lighting and sound and light distress signals in the dark environment. Fire smoke is constantly on the scene of the fire. It is sometimes difficult for firefighters to judge whether there are people trapped. The high-brightness LED light source flashlight has a long visible distance and can be observed in remote places. If the trapped person can use the strong home The light flashlight sends out a distress signal, which can greatly improve the speed of fire rescue and effectively reduce casualties.

In the daily storage, the glare flashlight should be placed at your fingertips; when not in use, store the battery in a cool, ventilated and dry place at a temperature not higher than 45 °C.

Smoke mask

In reality, many people are not burned to death by the flames, but are smoked to death. The home is equipped with a smoke and gas mask that can be used for escape and self-rescue in the smoke field of the fire. The emergency escape can be shielded against toxic fumes.

The smoke-proof and gas-proof mask is also called a fire-fighting self-rescue breathing apparatus. It is a personal protective equipment for preventing toxic gas from entering the respiratory tract. It consists of a protective hood, a filtering device and a mask.

In recent years, the proportion of fire extinguishers and smoke alarms in ordinary households has been increasing, but the ratio of fire-fighting self-rescue breathing apparatus and escape descending devices is extremely low.

The most common smoke and gas masks are sponge, asbestos net and activated carbon. Among them, activated carbon has good filtration performance for soot or toxic gases. General equipment is for one-time use only and cannot be used for normal work protection. It is only for personal escape.

Smoke and gas masks should be kept away from heat sources (heating) and flammable, explosive, corrosive materials, and should not be placed in a poorly ventilated location such as the bathroom. In addition, the smoke and gas mask is a filter type, not self-generated oxygen. It can not be used when the ambient oxygen concentration is lower than 17%; although it has a certain airtightness, it is not waterproof and cannot be used in water.

It should be specially reminded that many residents have the feeling of luck and feel that the probability of family fire is not high. They rely too much on the fire brigade to put out the fire. But in fact, fire protection is mainly based on fire prevention and fire extinguishing, and fires are caused by inadvertent fires in residents' homes. Fire fighting is often more efficient than fire officers and soldiers. It is especially necessary to have practical fire-fighting equipment in the house.