Recently, the Emergency Management Department and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the Health and Health Commission, the Bureau of Statistics, the Bureau of Meteorology, the Banking Regulatory Commission, the Food and Reserve Bureau, The Central Military Commission Joint Staff and Political Work Department, Red Cross Society, China National Railways Group Co., Ltd. and other departments and units conducted a business analysis of the natural disasters in the first three quarters of 2019. It has been verified that in the first three quarters, natural disasters in China were dominated by floods, typhoons, geological disasters and droughts. Disasters such as wind, earthquakes, low-temperature freezing, snow disasters and forest grassland fires also occurred to varying degrees. A total of 110 million people were affected by various natural disasters, 766 people were killed, 103 people were missing, 4.961 million people were resettled and resettled; 124,000 houses collapsed, 235,000 were seriously damaged, 941,000 were generally damaged; the area affected by crops was 16639.4 thousand hectares. Among them, 2462.7 thousand hectares were lost; the direct economic loss was 306.32 billion yuan. Compared with the average value of the same period in the past five years, the national disaster situation in the first three quarters was relatively light. Among them, the number of missing persons due to disasters, the number of emergency resettlement people, the number of collapsed houses and the direct economic losses decreased by 25%, 17%, 55% and 3 respectively. %.

In the first three quarters, the national natural disasters mainly have the following characteristics:

1. Floods and geological disasters are “more in the north and south, less in the middle”

In the first three quarters, the country's large-scale heavy rainfall process occurred frequently, and the precipitation was unevenly distributed. The floods and geological disasters generally showed “more in the north and south and less in the middle”. Among them, from June to July, heavy rainfall occurred continuously in Guangxi and Jiangxi, and provinces (regions) such as Guangxi, Jiangxi, Hunan, and Guizhou suffered heavy disasters; in the late August, the western Sichuan Basin suffered severe mudslides; from July to August In the northwest and other places, there is persistently heavy rainfall, and the local area suffers from floods and floods. On the whole, in the first three quarters, floods and geological disasters in Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Heilongjiang, Shaanxi, Gansu and other provinces (districts) were relatively heavy, and direct economic losses accounted for 82% of the total losses of floods and geological disasters in the country. Compared with the average value of the same period in the past five years, the number of people missing from floods and geological disasters in the first three quarters, the number of emergency resettlement and the number of collapsed houses decreased by 11%, 25%, and 49%, respectively, and the area affected by crops and direct economic losses increased. 15% and 24%.

Second, the number of typhoons landing is small, and the strong typhoon "Litchma" has a big impact.

In the first three quarters, there were four typhoons landing in mainland China, two less than the same period of the previous year (6). However, from the perspective of strength, the No. 9 super typhoon “Lizema” was the strength of landing in mainland China since 1949. Five super typhoons caused 140.24 million people in Zhejiang, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Liaoning and other provinces (cities) to be affected, and 2.097 million people were transferred to resettlement. In addition, typhoon "Mu En", "Weipa" and "White Deer" have also landed in South China. Typhoon "Yangliu" and "Swordfish" have affected South China and other places, causing certain losses to Guangdong, Hainan and other provinces; Typhoon "Ling Ling" landed North Korea, affecting Jilin, Heilongjiang and other provinces. Compared with the average of the same period in the past five years, the direct economic losses caused by typhoon disasters are more than 10%, and the number of missing persons due to disasters is reduced by 25%.

Third, there are winter and spring droughts in the southwest and summer droughts in the central and eastern regions.

In the first three quarters, there were two stages of drought in the winter and spring droughts and summer droughts. From February to May, most of Yunnan and southern Sichuan experienced droughts in winter and spring. At the peak of Yunnan, drinking water was difficult to reach 824,000 people, and drinking water was difficult to reach 566,000 heads (only), accounting for the total number of winter and spring droughts in the country. More than 80%. Since July, large-scale continuous high-temperature and low-rain weather has occurred in the central and eastern regions. At the peak, Hubei, Shanxi, Chongqing, Shaanxi and other 11 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) have affected 3,769,000 hectares of agricultural crops and directly suffered economic losses of 21.6 billion yuan, including Hubei and Shanxi. The drought is heavier. Since August, the drought in Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, and Jiangxi in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has continued to develop. Compared with the average of the same period in the past five years, the national drought in the first three quarters was generally light, and the area affected by crops and direct economic losses decreased by 38% and 41%, respectively.

Fourth, the occurrence of wind and flood disasters is early, mainly affecting the northern regions.

In the first three quarters, there were 37 strong convective weather processes in China, which was 11 times less than the average of the same period in the past five years (48 times), affecting nearly 1,000 counties in the county, less than the average of the same period in the past five years (1343). A wide range of strong convective weather first appeared on February 17-19, about 20 days earlier than normal. The winds and floods in the northern regions are relatively heavy. From May to July, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Tianjin, Beijing, Liaoning and other places have experienced super-10 winds, resulting in heavy local losses. Compared with the average value of the same period in the past five years, the number of people missing from the disaster caused by the disaster and the direct economic loss decreased by 41% and 38% respectively.

5. Earthquake activity is relatively active, and the magnitude is not high overall.

In the first three quarters, there were 15 earthquakes of magnitude 5 or higher in mainland China, which was the highest value in the same period of the past five years, including 2 earthquakes of magnitude 6 or above. On April 24, a magnitude 6.3 earthquake occurred in Medog County, Tibet, which was the highest earthquake in the first three quarters. A small number of houses in Medog County were damaged. On June 17th, a magnitude 6.0 earthquake occurred in Changning County, Sichuan Province. Since then, three aftershocks of magnitude 5 or above have occurred three times. It was the worst earthquake in the first three quarters, causing 13 deaths, more than 3,500 houses collapsed, and 223,000 different degrees of damage. .

6. Snowstorms and low-temperature freezing disasters occurred in the beginning of the year.

In the first three quarters, there were four large-scale rain and snow weather processes in China, mainly concentrated in January and early February, affecting the eastern, northeast, Huanghuai, Jianghuai, Jianghan and other places in the northwestern region, including the first year of Qinghai Yushu, Guoluo, etc. There were 12 consecutive snowfalls in the land, causing some townships and towns to be interrupted, 206,000 people were affected and needed life assistance, and 40,000 (only) large animals died. In the spring, there were five large-scale cold air processes in the northern region, and crops in Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shaanxi, and Ningxia were affected by low-temperature freezing disasters.

Source: Department of Disaster Relief and Material Security, Emergency Management Department